Summary (quick theory): A planetary reduction consists of a sun gear, several planet gears riding on a carrier, and an internal ring gear. Load is shared across the planets; correct operation depends on (1) accurate center distances, (2) correct tooth contact pattern (mesh), (3) proper bearing support and preload, and (4) clean, correct lubricant. Faults (noise, play, heat, metal in oil, broken teeth) are caused by wear, bearing failure, mis‑shimming (wrong center distance), contamination, overload or shock. Repair restores the geometry (center distance and tooth contact), bearing support/preload, and lubrication so load is carried evenly and stress concentrations are removed.

Ordered repair procedure with theory and what each step fixes

1) Preparation and diagnosis (why you do it)
- Symptoms to confirm: whining/roaring, clunking, wheel play, grinding, overheating, metallic filings in final drive oil or transmission magnet.
- Theory: Noise/whine = wrong tooth contact/backlash or bearing wear; clunk = excessive backlash or broken teeth; metal in oil = bearing/gear damage.
- Action: lift and support tractor safely, remove wheel/axle cover, drain final drive oil into a clean pan and inspect for metal flakes, note oil condition. Photograph assembly for reassembly reference.
- What this fixes/identifies: determines severity and whether full gearbox teardown is needed.

2) Access and controlled disassembly (why order matters)
- Remove wheel, hub, brake components, axle shaft (or carrier housing depending on MF3505-series layout) and final drive housing cover to access planetary assembly. Keep fasteners in order and tag shims and parts.
- Theory: Planetary components are supported by bearings and retainers that must be removed in sequence to avoid damaging gear teeth or bearings. Mark orientation of ring gear and carrier relative to housing for reference.
- What this fixes/identifies: allows inspection without introducing additional damage.

3) Remove carrier, planets, sun and ring gear as required
- Extract the planet carrier assembly, planet gears (with their pins/bushings), sun gear and (if needed) ring gear. Use correct pullers/press; support heavy assembly to avoid distorting components.
- Theory: You need individual parts to inspect for wear, pitting, scoring, chipped teeth, or bearing damage. Bearing races may be integral to carrier and must be pressed out.
- What this fixes/identifies: isolates defective components and avoids reusing parts that will re-fail.

4) Clean and inspect every component thoroughly
- Clean parts with solvent; inspect teeth for pitting, spalling, scoring, chipped teeth, or abnormal wear. Measure:
- Tooth faces for wear pattern and material loss.
- Backlash pre-disassembly (if possible) and after reassembly.
- Bearing bores, journal surfaces, and bearing rollers/races for brinelling or discoloration.
- Planet pins/shafts for runout and wear.
- Housing bores and ring gear mounting faces for distortion.
- Theory: Surface damage indicates root cause:
- Even polished wear = normal; concentrated wear or one-sided pattern = misalignment or incorrect center distance.
- Pitting/spalling = fatigue from overload or poor lubrication.
- Brinelling/scoring on bearings = transient shock loads or contamination.
- What this fixes/identifies: determines which parts must be replaced vs reused. If tooth profile is too worn, reshimming won’t restore correct contact — replacement required.

5) Decide repair vs replacement
- Replace: any pitted, chipped, cracked or heavily worn gears; all bearings showing wear; seals; planet bushings/pins beyond tolerance. Replace the ring gear or carrier if teeth are damaged.
- Repairable: light uniform wear, bearings with minimal play (rare — usually replace), minor edge wear corrected by shimming.
- Theory: Reused components must be within tolerance to accept new preload and mesh; a single worn element will quickly damage new mates.
- What this fixes/identifies: prevents “refresh” of the system leaving a weak link.

6) Prepare parts and surfaces; replace bearings and seals
- Replace bearings on carrier and sun/planet pin as required; press in new races and bearings squarely. Replace oil seals and O‑rings, clean housing bores, and remove any burrs or corrosion at mounting faces.
- Theory: Bearing integrity is essential to keep gears at the designed center distances and prevent deflection that ruins mesh and increases localized stress.
- What this fixes: restores radial and axial support, reduces runout and vibration, enables setting correct preload.

7) Reassembly with shims/adjusters — set center distance and backlash
- Assemble carrier with planets and sun gear dry (or with assembly lube). Fit ring gear to housing and rotate to check mesh.
- Measure and set backlash (radial play between ring gear and planet carrier/sun) using a dial indicator. On this MF family the method is:
- Fix the ring gear or carrier and hold it steady, then rotate the opposite element and read movement.
- Adjust using shims (under carrier or sun gear support) until backlash falls into specification (consult MF service manual for exact value).
- Check tooth contact pattern with marking compound (Prussian blue or gear marking paste). Rotate under steady torque to see contact. Ideal: contact centered on tooth face with a small bias to the drive side depending on design.
- Theory: Backlash controls clearance for thermal expansion and lubricant film. Too much backlash = noise/clunk and uneven shock loading; too little = excessive heat, noise and accelerated wear. Shims move center distance, changing contact location on the tooth flank.
- What this fixes: Restores even load distribution across teeth, eliminates noise and reduces stress concentration that caused the failure.

8) Set bearing preload (if applicable)
- Some designs require bearing preload on the carrier or sun support. Install shim or nut to apply correct preload and measure either rotational torque or endplay per manual.
- Theory: Correct preload eliminates axial play and keeps gears in the correct position under load. Under‑preload = play, shock loads; over‑preload = overheating and premature bearing failure.
- What this fixes: stabilizes the assembly and keeps alignment under torque.

9) Verify tooth contact pattern and final torque
- With gear marking compound, check and iterate shim changes until the contact patch is correct. Then reassemble fully and torque all fasteners to MF specified torques and apply thread locker where specified.
- Theory: Final torque and correct fastening maintain geometry under load. The pattern check ensures that under running conditions the load sits on the correct portion of the tooth so stresses are distributed.
- What this fixes: ensures the geometric fixes made on the bench persist under torque and temperature.

10) Refill with correct lubricant and new filter/seals
- Use the manufacturer‑specified oil (viscosity and grade). Replace any magnets/filters and clean housing.
- Theory: Correct oil provides film thickness and cooling. Contamination or wrong viscosity can cause film breakdown and pitting/spalling.
- What this fixes: reduces friction, prevents further fatigue and contamination-related wear.

11) Break‑in and testing
- Rotate assembly by hand first, then run the tractor at low load and check for noise, temperature rise, leaks. Recheck backlash and contact pattern after a light run‑in (some change is expected).
- Theory: Some seating occurs; small adjustments may be required after initial running. Monitoring prevents early repeat failure.
- What this fixes: confirms that assembly and shimming solved the original fault and that no hidden damage persists.

12) Final checks and maintenance advice
- Re-inspect oil after 50–100 hours for metal particles; re-torque after initial run if required by manual. Maintain proper oil levels and avoid shock loads; inspect seals periodically.
- Theory: Early metal indicates incomplete repair or remaining damaged parts; proper maintenance prevents repeat failures.
- What this fixes: extends service life and prevents recurrence.

Common fault cases and how the repair fixes them (concise)
- Whine/constant high‑pitch noise: usually incorrect backlash/center distance or worn bearings. Fix: set correct shims/backlash and replace bearings to restore geometry and support.
- Clunking when reversing/engaging: excessive backlash or cracked/broken teeth. Fix: replace broken gears, set proper backlash and bearing preload.
- Overheating and oil discoloration: low oil, wrong oil, or excessive friction from incorrect gear mesh or overloaded bearings. Fix: correct oil, restore tooth contact and preload.
- Metal in oil / rapid wear: bearing or tooth surface failure, contaminated oil. Fix: replace damaged gears/bearings, clean housing, install new seals, refill with correct oil.
- Localized pitting/spalling on teeth: usually fatigue from overload, misalignment or contamination. Fix: replace affected gears and correct alignment/support; if multiple parts are fatigued, replace the whole set and address root causes (overload, contamination).

Important practical notes (no nonsense)
- Always use the MF service manual for torque and shim/backlash specifications — exact shim locations and values vary by model and are critical.
- Replace bearings and badly damaged gears rather than trying to “file” contact patterns — geometry must be precise.
- Use proper tools: press for bearings, torque wrench, dial indicator, gear marking compound, correct pullers. Improper removal can warp housings or damage mating faces.
- Safety: support heavy assemblies, avoid makeshift supports.

This ordered, theory‑based approach restores correct geometry (center distance, backlash, contact pattern), bearing support/preload, and lubrication — the essential elements to stop the observed faults and prevent recurrence.
rteeqp73

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Massey Ferguson - instructional sales - Film

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