1) Safety & prep
- Park on level surface, chock rear wheels, lower loader arms, set parking brake, isolate battery. Use jack stands rated for the machine if lifting wheels. Wear PPE.
- Inflate tires to specified pressure and ensure tires are same size/model and evenly worn — tire pressure/wear changes alignment readings and symptoms.

2) Understand the suspension geometry (theory)
- Key angles: toe (direction wheels point left/right), camber (tilt of wheel top in/out), caster (steering pivot tilt fore/aft) and wheel centerline/track offset.
- Toe controls steering tracking and tire scrub; incorrect toe causes rapid/uneven tire wear and pulling.
- Camber controls tire contact patch; incorrect camber causes shoulder wear and reduced traction.
- Caster gives self-centering and steering stability; incorrect caster causes wandering and poor return-to-center.
- Suspension components (tie rods, ball joints/pivots, bushings, spindles, mount shims) define the angles. Wear, bent parts or lost fastener torque lets geometry move off-spec.

3) Initial inspection — find the fault cause (in order)
- Visual: check tires, rims, hairline bends, rim runout.
- Fasteners: inspect and finger-check torque on wheel lugs, spindle nuts, control-arm pivots and tie-rod ends.
- Play check: with wheel off ground, grasp tire at 12/6 and 3/9 o’clock to detect radial/axial play (wheel bearings, spindle). Pry test control arm/tie rod ends for play (worn ball joints/bushings).
- Component check: inspect tie rods for straightness, boots for torn seals, bushings for cracking, shims missing, welds/cracks on knuckles or arms.
- Steering stops and linkage: check for binding or bent arms.
- Record symptoms: pull left/right, uneven wear pattern (inner/outer shoulder), looseness/knocking.

4) Measure alignment to quantify error
- Set machine on level floor, steer straight, center steering wheel.
- Use one of these methods:
- String/straight-edge and tape: run strings along both wheel centers, measure toe at front and rear of wheel rims.
- Measuring bar or laser alignment tool for small machines: get toe, camber, caster values.
- Record toe (total toe or toe per wheel), camber, caster, and track width. Compare to SDK10 specs. (Theory: measurement tells which angles are off and by how much; e.g., excessive toe-in indicates tie-rod length or bent arm.)

5) Correct fastener torque and replace obvious wear items
- Torque all wheel lugs, spindle nuts, control-arm/tie-rod clamp bolts to spec. Loose fasteners allow geometry to move — tightening restores intended pivot locations.
- Replace worn ball joints, tie-rod ends, bushings and wheel bearings. Theory: worn joints/bushings introduce free play so wheel angle changes under load; replacing restores rigid pivot points and repeatable geometry.

6) Correct bent or damaged components
- Straighten or replace bent tie rods, spindles, knuckles, control arms. Theory: bent parts shift pivot centers or arm length, changing camber/caster/toe; restoring straight geometry returns angles.

7) Adjust toe (primary alignment adjustment on skid steers)
- With steering centered and pivot locking removed, adjust tie-rod length equally at both ends to correct toe to spec. If rack-and-pinion or drag link system, adjust turnbuckles or tie-rod ends to achieve specified toe.
- Re-measure toe at front and rear of rim and iterate until within spec. Theory: changing tie-rod length shifts wheel pointing angle; equalized lengths restore parallelism and eliminate scrub/pulling.

8) Adjust camber/caster if adjustable
- If camber/caster are adjustable via shims or eccentric bolts:
- Add/remove shims or rotate eccentric bolts to achieve specified camber and caster.
- For shims under mounting points: altering shim thickness changes steering knuckle tilt, changing camber and caster.
- If not adjustable, correct by replacing bent components or using shims per manual. Theory: camber/caster change alters wheel inclination relative to vertical and steering pivot axis; correct positioning restores tire contact and steering behavior.

9) Re-check steering stops and centering
- Ensure steering stops are set symmetrically and not allowing oversteer or binding. Center wheel and verify return-to-center and full lock equity. Theory: unequal stops produce asymmetric steering geometry and stress components.

10) Torque and final checks
- Tighten all jam nuts, clamps and fastener torque to specification after adjustments (torque-to-yield locations per manual). Theory: locking the adjusted components prevents drift and preserves geometry under load.
- Recheck measurements after torquing; torque can move linkages slightly.

11) Road/test load validation
- Operate loader in straight line and under turns, loaded and unloaded. Observe pull, vibration, and tire wear. Re-inspect for any new looseness. Theory: dynamic test confirms the static geometry fixes eliminated the original symptoms under operating loads.

12) How each repair fixes the fault — brief mapping
- Replacing worn tie-rod ends/ball joints: removes play => stable toe/camber => reduced wandering and shoulder wear.
- Tightening/replacing fasteners: restores pivot location => prevents angle drift under load.
- Straightening/replacing bent arms/spindles: returns correct arm length and pivot alignment => correct camber/caster/toe.
- Shimming or eccentric adjustments: directly set camber/caster to spec => restores contact patch and steering stability.
- Correcting tire pressure/worn tires: ensures true contact and accurate measurements => avoids recurring wear even with correct geometry.

13) Documentation and follow-up
- Record final alignment numbers, torque values, parts replaced. Inspect again after 50–100 operational hours for settling.

End.
rteeqp73

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