Safety first (short): disconnect battery, support tractor on stands, use proper lifting gear, clean workspace, use PPE. Refer to factory manual for torque/spec values before final assembly.

Ordered overhaul procedure and theory (each step = what to do, why it fixes faults):

1) Diagnose and document symptoms
- Action: Note noises (whine, knock), gear slip, hard shifting, oil loss, vibration; record which gears affected.
- Theory: Correlates symptom to likely cause (bearing wear → whine; excessive backlash or worn teeth → clatter/knock; poor engagement → worn dogs/forks or selector wear; oil loss → seals/breather).

2) Prepare and strip external components
- Action: Drain gearbox and final-drive oil; remove rear wheels or axles as required; disconnect linkage, clutch release, PTO, driveline, speedometer cable, and any external housings.
- Theory: Clean, dry, and free access prevents contamination and allows internal inspection; removing linkages isolates transmission so internal faults can be inspected and corrected.

3) Remove gearbox/final drive assembly to gain full access
- Action: Unbolt transmission from bellhousing/axle housing; support with jack/hoist and remove as a unit if required.
- Theory: Allows controlled disassembly and prevents additional damage from attempting internal repair in situ.

4) Disassemble in order, keeping parts staged and marked
- Action: Remove top cover, selector mechanism, cover plates, then remove input shaft/primary, layshaft, mainshaft/gears, selector forks, bearings, bushes, pinions, differential (crownwheel/pinion) and seals. Keep shims, spacers and caps in original order.
- Theory: Sequential removal preserves relative positions and shim stacks required to set bearing preload and gear mesh; labeling simplifies correct restoration or controlled changes.

5) Clean and inspect every component
- Action: Degrease parts; inspect gear teeth for pitting, scoring, chipped/broken teeth, surface fatigue; check bearings for roughness or play; examine races, bushes, shaft journals for wear; inspect dog teeth, selector dogs, and fork noses; check seals and case for cracks.
- Theory: Gear noise and failure originate from metal fatigue, lubrication failure or misalignment. Identifying exact wear mode determines which components must be replaced vs. reused. Bearing wear causes excess play and misalignment; pitted teeth reduce load-bearing area and increase backlash/noise.

6) Measure critical dimensions
- Action: Measure gear tooth thickness, gear runout, bearing bores, shaft diameters, end float, and existing backlash with calipers/dial indicator/micrometer; record shim thicknesses.
- Theory: Quantifies wear and establishes baseline for setting correct mesh and preloads. Backlash and pinion depth are controlled dimensions — replacing bearings or shims changes them.

7) Decide and replace worn parts
- Action: Replace bearings, races, seals, severely pitted/chipped gears, selector dogs or forks, and any distorted shafts. Re-bush or relinearly if journal wear is minor and within limits.
- Theory: Replacing worn bearings removes play and restores concentricity. Replacing damaged gears restores tooth geometry and load-bearing capacity. New seals stop oil loss preventing future lubrication failure.

8) Prepare mating surfaces and new bearings
- Action: Fit new bearings to shafts/housings (heat-fit or press as appropriate); install new races where needed; clean and lightly oil gear teeth before assembly.
- Theory: Correct bearing installation ensures intended preload and concentricity. Proper lubrication on initial assembly prevents dry-start wear.

9) Reassemble differential pinion/crownwheel with controlled adjustments
- Action: Assemble pinion into housing with original/new shims or crush sleeve method to set bearing preload; position crownwheel using shim packs to achieve correct backlash.
- Theory: Pinion depth and backlash set the contact patch across the tooth face. Correct preload prevents bearing looseness (noise) and prevents overloading bearings (overheat/failure). Proper backlash ensures even load distribution and prevents rapid wear or tooth breakage.

10) Check tooth contact pattern
- Action: Apply marking compound to crownwheel teeth, rotate pinion under load, inspect contact pattern, and adjust pinion depth or crownwheel shim until the contact patch is centered on the tooth face (neither too close to root nor tip; slight bias toward drive side is typical per manual).
- Theory: Centered contact pattern ensures maximum tooth surface engaged under load, reducing peak stresses and preventing edge loading which causes accelerated wear and noise.

11) Assemble main gearbox gearset with correct shims and preload
- Action: Refit layshaft and mainshaft assemblies, install gears and synchronizer/dogs (if present) and bearings; set axial end-float and bearing preload using original or corrected shims/spacers; ensure selector engagement geometry is correct.
- Theory: Bearing preload eliminates axial/radial play, controlling lateral gear movement and preserving gear mesh. Correct end-float prevents gear misalignment and worn dog engagement surfaces causing missed/harsh shifts.

12) Set gear backlash and mesh for individual gear pairs (where adjustable)
- Action: With assembled shafts and bearings torqued, measure backlash between mating gears; adjust using shims or bearing cap adjustments until within OEM spec; re-check contact pattern where possible.
- Theory: Backlash controls the clearance between teeth. Too much = clatter/impact and accelerated pitting; too little = binding, overheating and bearing overload.

13) Rebuild selector and shifting components
- Action: Replace worn bushes, install new selector forks, bushings, and detents; ensure selector rails align and move freely; check dog engagement faces and index properly.
- Theory: Worn selector parts cause missed gears, hard shifts and premature dog wear. Restoring geometry ensures smooth, positive engagement.

14) Final clean assembly and sealing
- Action: Install gaskets/seals, fit covers and external housings, torque bolts to spec, fit breather and fill plugs. Use right grade oil and recommended quantity.
- Theory: Proper sealing prevents contamination and oil loss; correct torque ensures housings provide intended bearing preloads and alignment.

15) Reinstall gearbox into tractor and reconnect linkages
- Action: Refit transmission to engine/bellhousing, reconnect clutch, linkages, driveshaft, PTO, speedometer and wheels. Refill with specified oil.
- Theory: Integration returns system to working alignment; correct clutch adjustment ensures smooth power transfer to the rebuilt gearset.

16) Break-in run and re-check adjustments
- Action: Run tractor at idle and low load, then under progressive load; after warm-up, re-torque fasteners and re-check backlash, bearing temps, gear noise, and shifting. Re-check for leaks.
- Theory: New bearings and gears seat during initial operation; some shims can settle, so re-checking prevents early failures. Monitoring heat and noise reveals remaining issues before heavy use.

17) Final validation
- Action: Road/test under all gears and loads; verify quiet operation, consistent temperatures, no leaks, and smooth shifting. If abnormal, stop and re-inspect.
- Theory: Operational validation confirms that mesh, preload, and clearances have been restored to allow correct tooth load distribution and bearing life.

How the repair fixes common faults (brief mapping)
- Gear whine/whir: caused by worn bearings or incorrect pinion depth/backlash. Replacing bearings and resetting pinion depth/backlash centers mesh and restores bearing alignment, removing whine.
- Clatter/knock on load/noise in neutral: excessive backlash or worn teeth. Reducing backlash to spec or replacing worn gears restores contact and stops impact loading.
- Hard/missed shifting: worn selector dogs, forks, or bent rails. Replacing/restoring these parts makes engagement positive and prevents gear grinding.
- Oil leaks and bearing failure: bad seals lead to lubricant loss → bearing/gear wear. Replace seals and bearings, refill oil to restore lubrication and life.
- Overheating bearings: caused by incorrect preload. Setting correct preload balances bearing load and prevents overheating/failure.
- Vibration: caused by runout, bent shafts or unequal tooth contact. Straighten/replace shafts and correct tooth contact to eliminate vibration.

End note: Follow factory torque and clearance specs and use proper measuring tools (dial indicator, micrometer, shim gauges, gear marking compound). If gear teeth show fatigue pitting or surface failure, replacement of gears (not just dressing) is required; simple shimming cannot compensate for lost material.
rteeqp73

1952 Ferguson TO30 Factory Ferguson rear lift jack attachment.

Road speed record - Massey Ferguson TE20 John Beck's second attempt at road speed record for a Massey Ferguson TE20 on the country roads of Dundee.

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