Tools & consumables
- Basic hand tools: metric sockets (6–24 mm), ratchets, extensions, combination wrenches, screwdrivers, pliers.
- Torque wrench (0–150 ft·lb).
- Transmission jack or a floor jack + heavy-duty jack stands and wood blocks.
- Drain pan, fluid pump/siphon.
- Seal driver set / bearing driver.
- Snap‑ring pliers (internal & external).
- Slide hammer / puller set.
- Hydraulic press (for clutch hub/bearing work) or arbor press.
- Multimeter and test light.
- Vacuum/pressure gauge (for older vacuum‑controlled units) or bidirectional scan tool (for electronic control).
- Brake cleaner / parts cleaner, lint‑free rags.
- Gasket scraper, RTV gasket maker (if required).
- Safety eyewear, nitrile gloves.
- Replacement parts & fluids: correct ATF (Toyota spec), transmission filter, pan gasket, valve body gasket(s), OD solenoid(s)/pack, O‑ring seals, input/output shaft seals, torque converter bolts (if damaged), full rebuild kit if internal wear (clutches, steels, seals, bands, snap rings, bearings), replacement valve body or TCM if electronic fault requires it.

Safety precautions
- Work on level ground. Chock wheels and use parking brake.
- Disconnect negative battery terminal before electrical work.
- Use a transmission jack or secure support under the transmission before unbolting; never rely on a floor jack alone.
- Support engine with an engine support bar or separate jack if you remove crossmember mounts.
- Wear eye protection and gloves; avoid skin contact with ATF.
- Dispose of used fluid according to local regulations.
- Have a fire extinguisher accessible.

Overview / common failure modes to check first
- Symptom-based quick checks: erratic or no OD engagement, slipping in OD, harsh shift into OD, or O/D light on.
- Simple items first: fluid level and condition (burnt smell, burnt color), electrical connectors, OD shift solenoid resistance and wiring, OD switch (if present), TCM trouble codes.
- If electronics and fluid are good, internal valve body, worn clutch packs, bands, or broken servo often cause failure — rebuild or replace needed.

Step-by-step repair procedure (automatic overdrive: typical Toyota 4/5/6‑speed automatics)

1) Diagnose & confirm
- Scan for trouble codes with a scanner. Record codes.
- Check ATF level & condition warm (engine running, per model procedure).
- Test OD solenoid resistance and apply power to check operation (consult service manual).
- If diagnosis points to solenoid/valve body replace or rebuild; if codes or symptoms point to internal mechanical wear, plan for transmission removal and rebuild.

2) Prepare vehicle
- Park car level, chock rear wheels, disconnect negative battery.
- Raise vehicle on ramps or lift. Place jack stands under pinch welds/frame.
- Remove skid plates and air intake parts as needed for access.

3) Drain fluid & remove torque converter inspection
- Place drain pan, remove transmission pan bolts to drain ATF (save fluid for analysis if desired).
- Remove pan, filter, and inspect for debris/metallic particles.
- Support transmission with a transmission jack.
- Remove driveshaft or CV axles as applicable.
- Disconnect transmission cooler lines (cap lines to limit contamination).
- Unbolt exhaust components or crossmember interfering with removal.
- Remove shifter/cable linkages and electrical connectors.
- Unbolt torque converter-to-flexplate bolts by turning the engine to access each bolt (use a socket and breaker; a second person may hold crank) or use a retainer tool. Pry torque converter slightly forward to ensure separated from flexplate before lowering.

4) Separate transmission from engine
- Remove bellhousing bolts. Carefully back transmission away from engine while supporting weight with trans jack; watch for torque converter snagging.
- Lower transmission on jack.

5) Inspect & decide repair path
- If fault is solenoid/valve body: remove valve body per manual, replace/clean solenoids, replace valve body gasket, install new filter/pan, refill fluid, test.
- If internal clutch/band/servo/planetary wear: full teardown/rebuild is required — proceed to steps below.

6) Valve body / solenoid replacement (common, less invasive)
- Remove valve body bolts, lower assembly carefully. Note orientation and any springs/balls — work on clean bench.
- Replace faulty OD solenoid(s) or entire solenoid pack.
- Clean valve body passages with parts cleaner; don’t soak solenoids in solvent.
- Replace valve body gasket and mount back. Torque bolts to spec (use service manual values).
- Reinstall filter and pan with new gasket. Reinstall pan bolts to spec.

7) Rebuild internal OD components (when required)
- Separate bellhousing, remove pump cover, then disassemble clutches, drums, planetary sets, bands and servos per manual.
- Use snap‑ring pliers and press for clutch packs. Keep parts organized in order and take photos.
- Replace worn bands, friction plates, steels, seals, bushings, bearings, and any damaged planetary gear components per rebuild kit.
- Use seal driver to install new shaft seals; use press to assemble piston/clutch stacks to correct clearance.
- Reassemble pump and measure pump clearances/reliefs as specified.
- Replace torque converter or at minimum flush/clean and replace converter seals; ensure the torque converter is properly seated on transmission input before mating.

8) Reinstallation
- Clean mating surfaces, replace pilot/bellhousing dowels if damaged, grease input shaft splines lightly.
- Align torque converter to trans input and engage into pump. Ensure at least 2–3 full turns to fully seat the converter and then mate to engine bellhousing.
- Lift transmission into place with transmission jack, slide forward until torque converter engages flexplate. Insert a couple of bolts hand-tight to hold converter to flexplate (torque later).
- Reinstall crossmember, linkages, cooler lines, wiring, driveshaft/axles, exhaust parts.
- Torque all bolts to factory specs (consult service manual for model-specific values).
- Reconnect battery.

9) Refill & test
- Refill with correct Toyota ATF type to specified level (check level with engine running/dipstick procedure per model).
- Start engine, cycle shifter through positions to fill circuits, check for leaks.
- Road test to verify OD engagement, monitor temperatures and shifts.
- Re-scan for codes and clear if necessary. Perform adaptive relearn if required (follow TCM relearn procedure).

How the main tools are used (short)
- Transmission jack: supports and raises/lower the transmission safely; secure transmission plate to case. Use straps.
- Torque wrench: tighten bolts to specified torque (critical for bellhousing, converter, and valve body bolts).
- Seal driver: seats new input/output seals squarely without damage — choose correct diameter and tap with a hammer until flush.
- Snap‑ring pliers: remove/install internal snap rings that retain clutch hubs and drums.
- Hydraulic/arbor press: compress clutch assemblies and press bearings/hubs on/off shafts cleanly and evenly.
- Slide hammer/puller: remove stubborn shafts or bearings.
- Multimeter/scan tool: test solenoid resistance and electrical continuity; read/clear codes and test TCM-driven functions.

Common pitfalls & how to avoid them
- Not diagnosing thoroughly: replacing valve body/solenoids without scanning codes and checking fluid wastes time.
- Fluid contamination: don’t reuse contaminated fluid; flush cooler lines and replace filter.
- Not removing torque converter before lowering engine/transmission: leads to pump seal damage and large leaks.
- Improper torque or sequence: can warp valve body or leak; always use specified torque and follow tightening sequence.
- Misaligned torque converter: not fully seated causes pump damage. Ensure converter fully engages before mating to engine.
- Reusing old seals/bushings: leads to early leaks/poor pressure—replace wear items with kit parts.
- Neglecting to inspect flexplate and torque converter bolts: stretched or worn bolts cause loosening; replace if necessary.
- Contamination during valve body work: work on clean surface, keep parts organized, avoid losing check balls and springs.
- Electrical connectors not reinstalled or ground wires missed: intermittent faults may result.
- Using wrong ATF: causes shift/overheat problems—use Toyota‑specified fluid.

Replacement parts typically required
- OD shift solenoid(s) or solenoid pack.
- Transmission filter, pan gasket, pan bolts (if damaged).
- Seal kit (input/output/tailshaft seals), torque converter seal.
- Rebuild kit: clutch frictions, steels, bands, OE spec springs, snap rings, bearings (if internal wear).
- Valve body gasket(s) and possibly a new valve body if damaged.
- Transmission mount/crossmember parts if worn.

Final notes
- Always refer to the specific Toyota model service manual for torque values, fluid type/volume, and detailed disassembly diagrams.
- If you’re not experienced with transmission teardown/press work, consider replacing the transmission with a reman unit or sending it to a transmission shop — internal rebuild requires specialized tools and precise measurements.

No yapping — follow the steps, use specified tools, replace worn parts, and verify with codes and road test.
rteeqp73

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